Jedi
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A Jedi, first and foremost, must be a Force Sensitive person. The title itself is given to those who are in the Jedi Order. This order is traditionally connected with the Light Side of the Force. The Dark Side counterparts of the Jedi are the Sith. The weapon of the Jedi is the lightsaber, a weapon with a blade made of pure energy. Usually, the Jedi train under a Master or a Knight.
"The Jedi are guardians of peace and justice in the galaxy" - Obiwan Kenobi
Jedi are members of an order of force sensitive sentients that wield the "Light Side" of the force. During the Old Republic the candidates for the Jedi Academy were found while still in their infancy and brought to the Jedi Temple to be raised there. The Jedi begin their journey as a Youngling being counseled and initially trained by Masters in the way of the force and a Jedi's perceptions of the force in groups like small classrooms, once they are old enough they become a Padawan. Padawans are assigned to a Master or a Knight for more extensive training and how to deal with the force and its influence on all living things in an one on one basis. Once the Padawan has progressed to the point the Master has considered them ready of it they are put through "The Trials" a ritual to determine whether or not the Padawan in question has accumulated enough knowledge and wisdom to proceed to the next level of the Jedi Hierarchy the Knight. After many years of further training and guidance the Knights become Jedi Masters. Only the oldest and wisest of the Jedi Masters ever become a Jedi Grand Master, Yoda was a Jedi Grand Master.
In the Days of the Old Republic the Jedi Knight was to serve and protect the Republic and the whole galaxy from conflict or government instability. They sometimes moderate peace negotiations between planets and, if necessary, use their formidable fighting skills to quickly end unrest. The Jedi are led by a Council of 12 members consisting of the most powerful and wise members of the order. The Jedi are bound to a code of morality and justice and are trained in the use of the light side of the force but not the Dark side.
The Jedi were considered to be Mortal Enemies of the Sith.
There were additional Ranks in the Jedi Hierarchy - High Council Member - General - Commander
The last two were generally reserved for times of war and were assigned to Masters/Knights and Padawans respectively.